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Up until almost three decades ago, the U.S. Navy used a Preventive Maintenance Management System (PMMS) that consisted of 4x6 index cards organized by system. The cards were color coded to distinguish Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, Semi-annual and Annual maintenance tasks that were performed by Navy specialists.
This method was fairly successful and had been adopted by many commercial shipbuilders until computer based maintenance management software was introduced in the mid 80’s. The problem with the index card system was that all scheduling and spare parts management was done manually, a very labor intensive and inaccurate task.